Antibodies to Phospholipase A2 Receptor (PLA2R) - Diagnosis of Membranous Nephropathy, IgG
Antibodies to the phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) are IgG autoantibodies directed against receptors located on the surface of glomerular cells (podocytes) in the kidneys.
These cells play an important role in blood filtration and help prevent the loss of protein through urine. When these antibodies are produced, the immune system damages podocytes, disrupting the function of the kidney filtration barrier.
As a result, glomerular permeability increases and proteinuria (loss of protein in the urine) develops, which is the main manifestation of nephrotic syndrome.
Antibodies to the phospholipase A2 receptor are highly specific markers of primary membranous nephropathy, an autoimmune kidney disease characterized by thickening of the glomerular basement membrane and impairment of its function.
The test helps to:
- confirm the autoimmune nature of the disease;
- distinguish primary from secondary forms of membranous nephropathy;
- assess disease activity.