Microsatellite instability (MSI) testing by PCR method
This is a molecular genetic test that helps assess how properly the DNA “repair” system functions in tumor cells.
Every cell in the body has a built-in mechanism that continuously corrects random errors occurring during cell division. This mechanism is called the mismatch repair system (MMR).
When this system stops functioning properly, as in some forms of cancer, errors begin to accumulate in specific short regions of DNA called microsatellites. This condition is known as microsatellite instability (MSI).
PCR-based MSI analysis allows detection of this tumor characteristic and helps physicians make important decisions regarding treatment strategy.
Method of Investigation:
The analysis is performed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by separation of DNA fragments on a special instrument - a genetic analyzer. The method allows highly accurate assessment of five internationally recognized MSI markers: BAT-25, BAT-26, NR-21, NR-24, and NR-27.
Biomaterial:
The study uses tumor tissue previously obtained during biopsy or surgery and preserved in a paraffin block (so-called FFPE material). No special patient preparation is required.